Some people are born gifted, and some are made.  In the case of Julian Bashir, he was the latter.  From a very young age, it was clear that Jules was struggling in his studies-- that concepts the other children grasped were proving almost impossible for him.  

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Feeling desperate for their son's future, Jules' parents secretly took him to Adigeon Prime, where he underwent a series of treatments, known as "accelerated critical neural pathway formation,"  They resequenced his DNA over the next two months, enhancing the parts of their son they wanted.  They made him faster, stronger, smarter... smarter... smarter... 

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But these augmentations were strictly forbidden by Starfleet.  And when they returned to Earth, they enrolled Jules (now going by his formal name, Julian) in a new school.  And pressed on him the importance of keeping their secret.

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Julian thrived at school, rising to the top of his class and finishing Star Fleet Medical with honors.  But the secret is still very much a millstone around his neck, with the knowledge that discovery would mean losing his commission.

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For fairly obvious reasons, Julian doesn't have much of a relationship with his parents.

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After graduation, Julian chose to be stationed at the far edge of the Alpha Quadrant, on Deep Space Nine, as their Chief Medical officer.  He's found a stable place there, with a circle of close friends, and work he finds fascinating and challenging.

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Julian is charming (when he forgets to try too hard, which isn't often, especially when first meeting people), and a gifted doctor.  He has the temperament for it, genuinely caring about people and their welfare.  And while he can be quite awkward socially, God help anyone who tries to hurt one of his patients!